Ivermectol: Targeted Parasite Control with Precision Efficacy
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Synonyms | |||
Ivermectol represents a significant advancement in antiparasitic therapy, offering healthcare professionals a potent and selective treatment option for a range of parasitic infestations. As a semi-synthetic derivative of avermectin B1, it exhibits high affinity for glutamate-gated chloride channels found in nerve and muscle cells of invertebrates, leading to increased cell permeability and paralysis of target parasites. Its broad-spectrum activity, favorable pharmacokinetic profile, and well-established safety record make it a cornerstone in both human and veterinary parasitology. This comprehensive profile provides essential information for appropriate clinical application.
Features
- Contains ivermectin as the active pharmaceutical ingredient
- Available in 3mg and 6mg tablet formulations
- Standardized manufacturing process ensuring consistent bioavailability
- Temperature-stable formulation with extended shelf life
- Child-resistant packaging compliant with international safety standards
- Manufactured in FDA-approved facilities following GMP guidelines
Benefits
- Provides rapid reduction in parasitic load within 24-48 hours of administration
- Demonstrates high efficacy against both tissue-dwelling and blood-borne parasites
- Offers convenient single-dose regimen for many indications
- Exhibits selective toxicity with minimal impact on mammalian systems
- Reduces transmission potential in endemic areas through mass drug administration
- Supports community-wide parasite control programs with proven safety profile
Common use
Ivermectol is primarily indicated for the treatment of onchocerciasis (river blindness), strongyloidiasis, and lymphatic filariasis when used in combination with other antiparasitic agents. It demonstrates clinical efficacy against various nematode infections including ascariasis, trichuriasis, and cutaneous larva migrans. Off-label applications include management of scabies and head lice infestations, particularly in cases resistant to conventional therapies. The medication has shown promise in reducing malaria transmission through its effects on mosquito vectors when administered to human populations.
Dosage and direction
Dosing is weight-based, typically 150-200 mcg/kg administered orally as a single dose. For onchocerciasis: 150 mcg/kg once, repeated every 6-12 months as needed. For strongyloidiasis: 200 mcg/kg as a single dose. Tablets should be taken with water on an empty stomach to maximize absorption. For patients unable to swallow tablets, the medication may be crushed and administered with a small amount of food. Follow-up dosing schedules should be determined based on parasitic load reduction and clinical response.
Precautions
Hepatic impairment may alter drug metabolism—consider dose adjustment in severe liver disease. Renal impairment does not significantly affect elimination, but caution is advised in end-stage renal disease. Monitor patients with CNS disorders due to potential blood-brain barrier penetration. Pregnancy Category C: use only if potential benefit justifies potential risk. Breastfeeding mothers should pump and discard milk for 24 hours post-dose. Not recommended for children under 15 kg body weight unless specifically indicated.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to ivermectin or any component of the formulation. Concurrent administration with other medications that increase blood-brain barrier permeability. Patients with history of severe CNS disorders including meningitis or encephalitis. Avoid use in communities where loiasis is endemic due to risk of severe encephalopathic reactions. Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to avermectin derivatives.
Possible side effect
Common reactions include dizziness, pruritus, fever, and mild gastrointestinal disturbances. Transient orthostatic hypotension may occur within 48 hours of administration. Mazzotti-type reactions (fever, urticaria, lymphadenopathy) may manifest in filarial infections. Rare but serious effects include hepatitis, neutropenia, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Ocular side effects include conjunctival hemorrhage and anterior uveitis. Most adverse effects are self-limiting and resolve within 72 hours without intervention.
Drug interaction
Potent CYP3A4 inhibitors (ketoconazole, ritonavir) may increase ivermectin concentrations. Barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and valproic acid may enhance CNS depression. Warfarin metabolism may be affected—monitor INR closely. Avoid concurrent use with other parasite immobilizing agents. Alcohol may potentiate neurological side effects. P-glycoprotein inhibitors may significantly increase bioavailability and require dose adjustment.
Missed dose
If a scheduled dose is missed, administer as soon as remembered unless near the time of the next dose. Do not double doses. For mass drug administration programs, implement catch-up dosing according to program guidelines. Maintain standard intervals between subsequent doses to prevent under-dosing and potential development of resistance.
Overdose
Symptoms include gastrointestinal distress, dizziness, nausea, and urticaria. Severe overdose may manifest as CNS depression including ataxia, respiratory depression, and coma. Management is supportive with gastric lavage if presented within 2 hours of ingestion. Activated charcoal may be effective. No specific antidote exists. Hemodialysis is not effective due to high protein binding. Monitor vital signs and provide symptomatic treatment for at least 72 hours.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (15-30°C) in original packaging. Protect from moisture and light. Keep blister strips intact until administration. Do not freeze. Shelf life is 36 months from manufacturing date when stored properly. Discard any tablets showing signs of deterioration or discoloration. Keep out of reach of children and pets.
Disclaimer
This information is intended for healthcare professionals only. Treatment decisions must be based on professional clinical judgment considering individual patient factors. Always verify current prescribing information before administration. The manufacturer is not liable for off-label use or improper administration. Report adverse events to the appropriate pharmacovigilance authority.
Reviews
Clinical trials demonstrate 85-95% efficacy in onchocerciasis treatment with sustained microfilarial reduction. Meta-analysis of strongyloidiasis studies shows cure rates exceeding 90% with single-dose therapy. Field studies in lymphatic filariasis endemic areas report significant reduction in transmission rates when used in combination therapy. Long-term safety data from mass drug administration programs confirm favorable benefit-risk profile. Dermatological studies indicate superior efficacy compared to topical agents in crusted scabies. Emerging research suggests potential applications in vector control programs.