Hydrocl: Advanced Diuretic Therapy for Edema Management
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Hydrocl (hydrochlorothiazide) is a thiazide diuretic indicated for the management of edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, and corticosteroid or estrogen therapy. It is also utilized in the treatment of hypertension, either as monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive agents. This medication promotes the excretion of sodium and water by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron. Hydrocl offers a well-established therapeutic profile with decades of clinical evidence supporting its efficacy and safety in appropriate patient populations under medical supervision.
Features
- Contains 25 mg hydrochlorothiazide per tablet
- White, round, scored tablets for accurate dosing
- Available in bottles of 100 and 500 tablets
- Manufactured under cGMP (current Good Manufacturing Practice) standards
- Stable shelf life of 36 months when stored properly
- Bioequivalent to other hydrochlorothiazide formulations
Benefits
- Effectively reduces fluid retention and edema in various clinical conditions
- Lowers blood pressure through sodium depletion and reduced plasma volume
- Demonstrated cardiovascular risk reduction in hypertensive patients
- Well-tolerated profile with extensive clinical experience spanning decades
- Cost-effective therapeutic option compared to newer antihypertensive agents
- Flexible dosing allows for individualized treatment regimens
Common use
Hydrocl is primarily prescribed for the management of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal dysfunction, including nephrotic syndrome. It is also commonly used in the treatment of hypertension, either as monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive drugs. Additionally, Hydrocl may be prescribed for calcium nephrolithiasis prophylaxis in hypercalciuric patients and for diabetes insipidus treatment, particularly nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Off-label uses include treatment of idiopathic hypercalciuria and mineralocorticoid-induced hypertension.
Dosage and direction
The usual adult dosage for edema is 25-100 mg daily as a single or divided dose. For hypertension, the initial dose is typically 25 mg once daily, which may be increased to 50 mg daily if necessary. Dosage should be individualized based on patient response and tolerability. Maximum recommended daily dose is 100 mg. Administer in the morning to avoid nocturia. Tablets may be divided along the score line for dose titration. Take with or without food, but consistency in administration relative to meals is recommended. Regular monitoring of serum electrolytes is advised during therapy.
Precautions
Monitor blood pressure regularly during therapy. Assess renal function before and during treatment, as hydrochlorothiazide may precipitate azotemia in patients with impaired renal function. Use with caution in patients with impaired hepatic function, as minor alterations of fluid and electrolyte balance may precipitate hepatic coma. Periodic determination of serum electrolytes should be performed to detect possible electrolyte imbalance. Observe patients for clinical signs of fluid or electrolyte imbalance, including hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, and hypokalemia. Use caution in patients with history of gout, as hydrochlorothiazide may elevate serum uric acid levels. Photosensitivity reactions may occur; advise patients to use sun protection.
Contraindications
Hydrocl is contraindicated in patients with anuria or history of hypersensitivity to hydrochlorothiazide or other sulfonamide-derived drugs. Do not use in patients with refractory hypokalemia, hyponatremia, or hypercalcemia. Contraindicated in patients with acute renal failure or severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min). Not recommended during breastfeeding due to secretion in human milk. Avoid use in patients with hepatic encephalopathy or severe liver disease. Contraindicated in combination with lithium due to increased risk of lithium toxicity.
Possible side effect
Common adverse reactions include electrolyte imbalance (hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia), hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, and hypercalcemia. Gastrointestinal effects may include anorexia, gastric irritation, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. Neurological side effects can include dizziness, vertigo, paresthesia, headache, and restlessness. Orthostatic hypotension may occur, particularly in volume-depleted patients. Photosensitivity reactions, rash, urticaria, and purpura have been reported. Rare but serious adverse effects include pancreatitis, xanthopsia, and blood dyscrasias.
Drug interaction
Hydrocl may potentiate the effects of other antihypertensive agents. Concurrent use with corticosteroids or ACTH increases the risk of hypokalemia. May decrease renal clearance of lithium and increase lithium toxicity risk. NSAIDs may reduce the diuretic and antihypertensive effects of hydrochlorothiazide. May enhance the hyperglycemic effect of diazoxide. Cholestyramine and colestipol may reduce hydrochlorothiazide absorption. May potentiate the effects of neuromuscular blocking agents. Alcohol, barbiturates, or narcotics may potentiate orthostatic hypotension.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered unless it is almost time for the next scheduled dose. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed dose. If multiple doses are missed, contact healthcare provider for guidance. Maintain regular dosing schedule to ensure consistent therapeutic effect. Patients should be advised to establish a routine for medication administration to minimize missed doses.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include electrolyte imbalance, dehydration, and hypovolemic shock. Signs may include drowsiness, confusion, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, dizziness, and syncope. Treatment involves gastric lavage if ingestion was recent, followed by supportive measures including electrolyte replacement and fluid resuscitation. Monitor electrolyte levels and renal function closely. Hemodialysis is not effective for hydrochlorothiazide removal due to extensive protein binding. There is no specific antidote; treatment should focus on symptomatic and supportive care.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature between 20°-25°C (68°-77°F). Protect from light and moisture. Keep container tightly closed. Do not store in bathroom or damp places. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use if tablets show signs of discoloration or deterioration. Properly dispose of expired or unused medication according to local regulations.
Disclaimer
This information is provided for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Hydrocl is a prescription medication that should only be used under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional. Individual response to medication may vary. Patients should consult their healthcare provider for personalized medical advice and before making any changes to their treatment regimen. The complete prescribing information should be reviewed before initiating therapy.
Reviews
Clinical studies demonstrate hydrochlorothiazide’s efficacy in reducing blood pressure by an average of 10-15 mmHg systolic and 5-10 mmHg diastolic. Long-term outcome studies show significant reduction in cardiovascular events when used as part of antihypertensive therapy. Patient satisfaction surveys indicate good tolerability, though electrolyte monitoring requirements are noted as a consideration. Meta-analyses confirm its position as a well-established, cost-effective option in hypertension management. Real-world evidence supports its continued use in appropriate patient populations with regular monitoring.