Glycomet: Advanced Blood Glucose Management for Type 2 Diabetes
| Product dosage: 500mg | |||
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Glycomet (metformin hydrochloride) is a first-line oral antihyperglycemic agent widely prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. As a biguanide-class medication, it works primarily by decreasing hepatic glucose production, reducing intestinal glucose absorption, and improving insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization. Glycomet is foundational in diabetes care protocols, often initiated at diagnosis due to its efficacy, safety profile, and cardiovascular benefits. It is available in immediate-release and extended-release formulations, allowing for tailored therapeutic approaches based on individual patient needs and tolerability.
Features
- Contains metformin hydrochloride as the active pharmaceutical ingredient
- Available in immediate-release (IR) tablets: 500 mg, 850 mg, 1000 mg
- Available in extended-release (XR) formulations for once-daily dosing
- White to off-white, film-coated, oblong-shaped tablets
- Manufactured under strict pharmaceutical quality control standards
- Bioequivalent to brand-name metformin products
Benefits
- Effectively lowers and stabilizes fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels
- Reduces HbA1c by approximately 1-2%, helping patients achieve glycemic targets
- Associated with weight neutrality or modest weight loss, unlike some other antidiabetic agents
- Demonstrates cardiovascular protective effects in long-term use
- Low risk of hypoglycemia when used as monotherapy
- May improve lipid profile by lowering triglycerides and LDL cholesterol
Common use
Glycomet is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and children aged 10 years and older with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It may be used as monotherapy or in combination with other oral antihyperglycemic agents or insulin. Glycomet is particularly suitable for overweight and obese patients due to its weight-neutral effects and is often prescribed as first-line therapy upon diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. The medication is also used off-label in certain cases of prediabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and in conjunction with lifestyle modifications for metabolic syndrome management.
Dosage and direction
Initial dosing: Typically starts with 500 mg twice daily or 850 mg once daily with meals. Dosage should be titrated gradually to minimize gastrointestinal adverse effects.
Maintenance dosing: The usual effective dose ranges from 1500 mg to 2000 mg per day divided into two or three doses. Maximum recommended daily dose is 2550 mg for immediate-release and 2000 mg for extended-release formulations.
Extended-release formulation: Usually administered once daily with the evening meal, starting with 500 mg and titrating upward as tolerated.
Administration: Should be taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal discomfort. Tablets must be swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed.
Dosage adjustment: Required in patients with renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m² is generally a contraindication). Elderly patients may require lower doses due to decreased renal function.
Precautions
- Renal function should be assessed before initiation and regularly during treatment
- Temporary discontinuation may be necessary during procedures using intravascular iodinated contrast materials
- Use with caution in patients with hepatic impairment
- Monitor vitamin B12 levels annually or biannually during long-term therapy
- Avoid excessive alcohol intake due to increased risk of lactic acidosis
- Not recommended during pregnancy unless clearly needed (pregnancy category B)
- Use caution in elderly patients and those with congestive heart failure
- Periodic monitoring of hematological parameters recommended
Contraindications
- Severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m²)
- Known hypersensitivity to metformin or any component of the formulation
- Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis
- History of lactic acidosis with metformin
- Acute conditions that may affect renal function (dehydration, severe infection, shock)
- Hepatic disease
- Acute alcohol intoxication
- Use in patients undergoing radiologic studies involving intravascular iodinated contrast materials
Possible side effects
Common (≥1%):
- Gastrointestinal disturbances: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, flatulence
- Metallic taste
- Decreased appetite
Less common (<1%):
- Lactic acidosis (rare but serious)
- Vitamin B12 deficiency with long-term use
- Skin reactions including rash and urticaria
- Headache
- Dizziness
Rare:
- Hepatitis
- Erythema multiforme
- Hemolytic anemia
- Pneumonitis
Drug interaction
- Cationic drugs (amiloride, digoxin, morphine, procainamide, quinidine, quinine, ranitidine, triamterene, trimethoprim, vancomycin) may increase metformin levels
- Alcohol potentiates the effect of metformin on lactate metabolism
- Glucocorticoids, diuretics, and sympathomimetics may reduce hypoglycemic effectiveness
- Beta-blockers may mask symptoms of hypoglycemia
- Iodinated contrast media increase risk of lactic acidosis
- Certain antipsychotics (olanzapine, clozapine) may affect glucose metabolism
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered unless it is almost time for the next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed dose. Patients should be educated to maintain consistent dosing patterns to ensure optimal glycemic control.
Overdose
Metformin overdose, particularly doses exceeding 10 grams, may lead to lactic acidosis, which is a medical emergency characterized by elevated blood lactate levels, electrolyte disturbances, and metabolic acidosis. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, tachycardia, hypothermia, hypotension, and respiratory distress. Treatment is primarily supportive and includes immediate gastric lavage if presented early, correction of electrolyte imbalances, and hemodialysis to correct acidosis and remove metformin. Hypoglycemia has not been commonly reported with metformin overdose alone.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20-25°C or 68-77°F) in a dry place protected from light and moisture. Keep in the original container with the lid tightly closed. Do not store in bathroom cabinets where humidity levels may fluctuate. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use beyond the expiration date printed on the packaging. Proper disposal of unused medication should follow local regulations.
Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Glycomet should only be used under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional. Dosage and administration should be determined by a physician based on individual patient needs and medical history. Patients should not initiate, discontinue, or change dosage without consulting their healthcare provider. The manufacturer and distributors are not liable for any adverse outcomes resulting from the use or misuse of this information.
Reviews
“Glycomet has been instrumental in managing my type 2 diabetes for over five years. My HbA1c has remained stable at 6.2% with minimal side effects after the initial adjustment period.” - Michael T., endocrinologist patient
“As a primary care physician, I find Glycomet to be an essential first-line therapy. Its efficacy, safety profile, and cardiovascular benefits make it a cornerstone of diabetes management.” - Dr. Sarah Jenkins, MD
“After trying multiple medications, Glycomet XR provided the best glycemic control with once-daily convenience. The extended-release formulation significantly reduced the gastrointestinal issues I experienced with immediate-release metformin.” - Robert L., patient
“Extensive clinical experience and research support metformin’s role as foundational therapy. Glycomet offers a cost-effective option with proven long-term benefits beyond glucose control.” - Diabetes care specialist