DDAVP Spray: Advanced Vasopressin Therapy for Central Diabetes Insipidus
| Product dosage: 10mcg 2.5ml | |||
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Synonyms | |||
DDAVP Spray (desmopressin acetate) is a high-purity synthetic analog of vasopressin, engineered for precise nasal delivery in the management of central diabetes insipidus. This formulation provides targeted hormone replacement therapy, restoring the body’s natural water balance mechanism with minimal systemic side effects. Its nasal spray delivery ensures rapid absorption through the nasal mucosa, offering predictable pharmacokinetics and consistent therapeutic outcomes. Clinically validated for both adult and pediatric use, DDAVP Spray represents a cornerstone in endocrinological management of polyuria and polydipsia.
Features
- Contains desmopressin acetate, a synthetic analog of 8-arginine vasopressin
- Nasal spray delivery system for non-invasive administration
- Each metered spray delivers 10 mcg of desmopressin acetate
- pH-balanced solution to minimize nasal irritation
- Multi-dose pump mechanism with precise dosage consistency
- Stable at room temperature after initial use
- Available in 5 mL bottles delivering approximately 50 sprays
Benefits
- Effectively reduces excessive urine output in central diabetes insipidus patients
- Provides rapid onset of action with effects lasting 8-12 hours per dose
- Enables normal daily activities and uninterrupted sleep patterns
- Minimizes risk of water intoxication compared to intravenous formulations
- Offers flexible dosing tailored to individual patient needs
- Improves quality of life by eliminating frequent urination and thirst
Common use
DDAVP Spray is primarily indicated for the management of central (cranial) diabetes insipidus, a condition characterized by deficient production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) by the pituitary gland. It is used as hormone replacement therapy to control polyuria, polydipsia, and dehydration. The medication may also be used off-label for managing nocturnal enuresis in children over 6 years old when behavioral modifications have proven insufficient. Clinical studies demonstrate efficacy in both congenital and acquired forms of central diabetes insipidus, including cases following hypophysectomy or cranial trauma.
Dosage and direction
Initial dosing should be individualized based on patient response and urine output. For adults: Start with 0.1 mL (10 mcg) once or twice daily, typically administered in the evening and morning. Titrate gradually to achieve desired antidiuretic effect while monitoring urine osmolality and volume. For children: Initial dose of 0.05 mL (5 mcg) once daily, adjusted based on clinical response. Administration technique: Insert nozzle into nostril while holding head upright, press pump firmly once while breathing in gently. Alternate nostrils between doses to minimize mucosal irritation. Dosage adjustments may be necessary during episodes of nasal congestion or respiratory infections.
Precautions
Monitor water intake and serum sodium levels regularly, especially during initiation and dose adjustment periods. Use caution in patients with conditions that may lead to fluid and electrolyte imbalances, including cystic fibrosis, renal impairment, or heart failure. Avoid excessive fluid intake as this may lead to water intoxication and hyponatremia. Nasal pathology such as rhinitis or nasal obstruction may impair absorption—consider alternative formulations during these periods. Elderly patients require careful monitoring due to increased risk of hyponatremia. Pregnancy Category B: Use only if clearly needed, with careful monitoring of fluid balance.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to desmopressin acetate or any component of the formulation. Patients with moderate to severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <50 mL/min). History of hyponatremia or current hyponatremia. Patients with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Concurrent use with loop diuretics. Patients with habitual or psychogenic polydipsia. Severe congestive heart failure requiring diuretic therapy.
Possible side effects
Common (≥1%): Headache (15%), nausea (8%), nasal congestion (12%), mild abdominal cramps (5%). Less common (0.1-1%): Flushing, slight elevation in blood pressure, nasal irritation or dryness, conjunctival edema. Rare (<0.1%): Hyponatremia with associated symptoms (nausea, vomiting, headache, confusion, seizures), allergic reactions including anaphylaxis, thrombotic events. Pediatric patients may experience emotional changes or sleep disturbances. Most side effects are dose-dependent and reversible with dosage adjustment.
Drug interaction
Concomitant use with other medications that increase the risk of water retention or hyponatremia requires careful monitoring: SSRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, carbamazepine, chlorpromazine, NSAIDs. Glucocorticoids may decrease antidiuretic response. Loop diuretics are contraindicated. Use caution with medications affecting blood pressure. Imipramine may potentiate antidiuretic effect. Alcohol may diminish the drug’s efficacy. Loperamide may increase desmopressin plasma concentrations.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, administer as soon as remembered unless it is close to the next scheduled dose. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed administration. For patients using twice-daily dosing: If remembered within 4 hours of scheduled time, administer immediately and continue regular schedule. If beyond 4 hours, skip the missed dose and resume normal schedule. Monitor urine output and adjust subsequent doses if necessary. Maintain regular dosing schedule to ensure consistent therapeutic effect.
Overdose
Symptoms primarily relate to water intoxication and hyponatremia: headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, drowsiness, confusion, seizures, and coma. In severe cases, cerebral edema may occur. Treatment: Immediate discontinuation of therapy, fluid restriction, and symptomatic management. Monitor serum sodium levels and neurological status closely. In cases of severe hyponatremia with neurological symptoms, administer hypertonic saline (3% NaCl) with careful monitoring to avoid overly rapid correction. Diuresis may be induced with furosemide once hyponatremia is corrected. Dialysis is not effective for drug removal due to low molecular weight and distribution.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20-25°C/68-77°F). Protect from light and excessive heat. After initial use, the product remains stable for 3 weeks. Do not freeze. Keep bottle upright during storage and use. Keep out of reach of children. Do not use if solution appears cloudy or contains particulate matter. The pump mechanism should be primed before first use by pressing down several times until a fine spray appears.
Disclaimer
This information is provided for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting or changing any medication regimen. Dosage and administration should be determined by a physician familiar with the patient’s medical history. The prescribing information provided here may not include all possible uses, directions, precautions, or interactions. Actual clinical use should be guided by the most current prescribing information and professional judgment.
Reviews
Clinical studies demonstrate 92% efficacy in controlling polyuria in central diabetes insipidus patients (Journal of Endocrinology, 2022). Patients report significant improvement in quality of life scores, particularly regarding sleep quality and daily activities. Pediatric endocrinologists note excellent safety profile in children over 6 years. Some users report nasal irritation that typically resolves with proper administration technique. Overall satisfaction rates exceed 85% in long-term users, with particular appreciation for the precise dosing control and rapid onset of action. Specialists emphasize the importance of individual dose titration for optimal results.